“Addiction is a complex disorder that can be defined as a “loss of control over a reward-seeking behaviour” (Robert West, 2006). According to Kolb and Volkow (2010;2016), the cycle of addiction involves three stages, each of which implicate distinct neurobiological circuits: 1) Binge-intoxication; 2) Negative Affect and Withdrawal; 3) Preoccupation and Craving. This brief animation will explain these stages, along with the key neural structures that are impacted (and altered) by chronic drug use.”

Find more from https://carleton.ca/neuroscience/ (Canada, 2019)