If you’ve ever woken up after a night out wondering why you feel so miserable, Pharmacology Insights has released a new video that explains the science behind hangovers in clear, accessible terms. The video dives into what happens in the body after alcohol consumption, focusing on how ethanol—the active ingredient in alcoholic drinks—impacts brain chemistry, hormonal balance, and basic body functions. From the rapid absorption of alcohol into the bloodstream to its effects on neurotransmitters like GABA and glutamate, the video outlines how alcohol slows brain activity during drinking and triggers a rebound effect afterward, contributing to symptoms like tremors and a racing heart.

But hangovers aren’t just about brain chemistry. The video highlights several other key mechanisms behind the post-drinking crash. Alcohol suppresses vasopressin, a hormone that helps the kidneys retain water, leading to dehydration and electrolyte imbalances—major culprits behind headaches and fatigue. It also interferes with sleep quality, blood sugar regulation, and triggers inflammatory responses in the body, contributing to nausea, stomach pain, and overall malaise. One especially harmful byproduct, acetaldehyde, builds up as the liver processes alcohol and plays a significant role in hangover symptoms.

The video concludes with practical advice based on the science. While everyone experiences hangovers differently, the takeaway is universal: drink in moderation, stay hydrated, eat before and during drinking, and prioritize rest. It’s a great resource for anyone curious about why alcohol affects us the way it does and what can be done to lessen the impact.

Find more from Pharmacology Insights (USA, April 2025)